Mesothelioma Lung Cancer

Mesothelioma Lung Cancer is a form of cancer that develops in the tissues of cells that line the lungs, heart and stomach. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer tissues are called mesothelial cells and they become infected by inhaling particles of dust from asbestos fibers. Once these cells become infected they dry up the fluids surrounding these major organs of the body and tumors begin to develop. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer most common form is pleural mesothelioma which accounts for 75% of all malignant cases however Mesothelioma Lung Cancer are two other types peritoneal, and pericardial which you may be interested in reading about.




Dealing with mesothelioma is a very difficult process. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer will require a lot of physical and emotional endurance, a strong family and social network, and expert medical and professional advice and assistance. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer best way to approach dealing with mesothelioma is to first learn everything that you can about the disease. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer should include the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of mesothelioma.




As discussed previously, Mesothelioma Lung Cancer takes a long time to incubate within a human body before symptoms may appear and cause suffering to the carrier. To be more specific, Mesothelioma Lung Cancer can take fifteen to twenty years for this deadly disease to fully show itself and the damage it has done. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer presents a very difficult challenge for doctors and the medical community in diagnosing the disease and in many cases patients with this disease are either not aware that they have it or do not ask the doctor to specifically check for symptoms.




Once Mesothelioma Lung Cancer has been diagnosed a treatment procedure can be recommended and begun. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer correct treatment will depend on a number of factors. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer include the location of the tumor, Mesothelioma Lung Cancer stage of the disease and how far the cancer has spread in the patient. Mesothelioma Lung Cancer recommended treatment for mesothelioma will also depend on the age and overall health of the patient.










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mesothelioma chemotherapy

Mesothelioma chemotherapy uses chemical substance to cure this disease. Significant numbers of patients who have undergone other mesothelioma treatments such as radiotherapy and surgical treatment, but Mesothelioma chemotherapy results are not great enough, reason why continued research and development of newly mesothelioma chemotherapy are being done...




Nevertheless, Mesothelioma chemotherapy is one great option to lessen the burden and manage the pain felt by the patient. Mesothelioma chemotherapy are two types of mesothelioma chemotherapy: the traditional and the new mesothelioma treatments. Mesothelioma chemotherapy are not as healing as they should be, but as Mesothelioma chemotherapy  always concealed, they can help in the treatment period...

Most of the time combined modality chemotherapy is used in union with other treatment types like radiation therapy and surgical treatment. mesothelioma chemotherapy Intensity modulated radiation therapy is also used by some doctors, as well as neoadjuvant chemotherapy which is used with the purpose of decreasing the size of the tumor mass preceding a surgical treatment.

Mesothelioma chemotherapy is used if there is a risk of cancer recurrence, usually mesothelioma chemotherapy subsequent to surgical treatment. Another mesothelioma chemotherapy known treatment is the palliative chemotherapy which is used to cure the symptoms of the disease.

Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma

Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is the least common of the four cellular types. It accounts for approximately 7 to 20 percent of cases. When viewed under a microscope,the malignant cells appear as elongated spindle-shaped cells that are irregularly shaped and often overlap one another.

Desmoplastic mesothelioma is considered a variant of sarcomatoid mesothelioma. This form is likely the most difficult of all mesotheliomas to diagnose. When desmoplastic mesothelioma invades or metastasizes, the cells can appear very bland and can be misdiagnosed as benign fibrous tissue. Medical experts say this form should not be diagnosed with a needle core biopsy. It's important to know that malignant sarcomatoid mesothelioma is sometimes difficult to diagnose on the basis of histological methods. For example, cells of another type of cancer called pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma are very similar in appearance (as well as other characteristics) to malignant sarcomatoid mesothelioma.

For this reason, if you are diagnosed with cancer and you know that you have been exposed to asbestos at some time in the past, obtaining a second diagnostic opinion may be important. Different types of cancer vary widely in terms of prognosis and treatment options, and if misdiagnosed, patients may not receive the most appropriate treatment for their cancer.

Treatment and Prognosis

Each of the four cellular forms of mesothelioma is generally treated in the same way. Treatment is not based on the specific type of cells involved, but instead on the location of tumors and the stage of the cancer. Each type of cancer responds to treatment very differently. In general, patients with malignant sarcomatoid mesothelioma have a poorer prognosis than patients with the epithelioid type , as sarcomatoid cancers are more aggressive and more resistant to treatment. Unfortunately, the general prognosis for all the different types is usually poor, and the difference in prognosis between sarcomatoid, epithelioid, biphasic and desmoplastic cancers may amount to as little as a few months.

Biopsy and Histopathology

Patients undergoing medical evaluation to ascertain a diagnosis of mesothelioma will also have to undergo a variety of medical tests to determine the location and nature of the cancer.

Epithelioid Mesothelioma

Epithelioid mesothelioma is the most common cell type that is relatively uniform in shape and has a tubular pattern with a distinct cell nucleus. Epithelioid is the most common kind; 50-70% cases reported are of this type, which also has the best possibility of survival. This type affects the covering surrounding the internal organs and internal surfaces in the body. 

In spite of various new treatment options, the survival rate of Mesothelioma disease is low. These options have helped in increasing the longevity of mesothelioma patients. Statistics indicate that the average survival period after diagnosis is about one year. The survival period might increase up to two years if the proper treatment is done aggressively. More than 95% cases with mesothelioma disease occur due to asbestos exposure. 

Epithelium is a tissue separating different regions of the body. Like in the case of epithelial cells found in the skin detaches the outside of the body from the inside of the body. This serves varied responsibilities like protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion or sensory reception. 

Causes and symptoms of epithelioid mesothelioma:
There are various causes found of epithelioid mesothelioma. The most common cause of epithelioid mesothelioma is asbestos exposure where the fine particles and which are found thrown in the air either through sawing or cutting. Mainly the membrane lining of chest cavity, lungs, heart or abdominal cavity gets affected in epithelioid mesothelioma.

Usually there are misdiagnoses of the disease as the cells in other forms of cancer look quite similar to epithelioid cells as adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer which is often confused with epithelioid mesothelioma. 

Symptoms of epithelioid mesothelioma: 
Symptoms can occur after more than 40 to 50 years of being exposed to asbestos. Patients suffering from epithelioid mesothelioma can have a cough, weakness, tiredness along with inability to absorb nutrition causing weight loss. The breathlessness is caused when the tumor does not allow the lungs to expand and when it spreads further it results in severe chest pain. 

Diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma 
A methodical diagnosis is needed prior to any kind of treatment for mesothelioma. As the latency period of this disease's appearance of the symptoms early diagnosis becomes a difficult proposition. It is usually done only at the advanced stage leading to a survival rate of about 8 to 9 months. 

Causes of Mesothelioma

Asbestos Mesothelioma. The most common cause of mesothelioma is Asbestos. Asbestos is naturally occurring fibrous material  which is used for insulation purposes. Mesothelioma is an occupational hazard and affects those who work in the industry associated with asbestos. This disease occurs due to inhalation and/or ingestion of the asbestos fibers. Mesothelioma is therefore also referred to as asbestos mesothelioma, as the greatest risk factor of mesothelioma cancer is asbestos.


Based on scientific studies, the most common and obvious cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos. Yes, the same silicate mineral that is used in building construction due to its fire resistant property.  Indeed, when this property was discovered and applied for its benefit, almost all construction projects employ the said mineral through mixing it with cement for better durability. Likewise, the asbestos was also used in other industries such as fabric and mat weaving, electric oven, electrical wiring, and others thus, making a presence in most products in the market. The problem to this scenario is that excessive exposure and intact of asbestos in 
the body is toxic as it can cause mesothelioma, lung cancer, and asbestosis.

Indeed, most of the patients in the medical history who were diagnosed with mesothelioma are building constructors and workers who have direct jobs related to asbestos application in their job. Constant exposure with the possibilities of inhalation of its particles and having direct contact with it through bare skin significantly increase the risk of incurring mesothelioma. In fact, prior to physical examination for the diagnosis of the symptoms of mesothelioma, medical physician first evaluate any possibilities of asbestos contact in the occupation of the patient. Not only that but prolong contact with building walls made up of asbestos mixture can also post some risk as tiny fibres and particles can still be inhaled from the said source. As such, legal actions have mandated the use of asbestos in most industry at present.

Though asbestos is the most common cause of mesothelioma, there are also other possible factors that can induce the said form of cancer or further aggravate the negative effect of asbestos. Chain smoking is one of them wherein nicotine and tar from the cigarette can strip the natural protective lining in the lungs inducing more pleural effusion immunosuppressive effects. There are also particular viruses that have been determined to be potential cause of mesothelioma. Some studies have linked the Simian virus to some mesothelioma cases yet there is still not definitive conclusion for this possibility.

Q.. How much time of exposure to asbestos can cause mesothelioma ?

Just an exposure of one to two months to asbestos is enough to get mesothelioma, which may manifest maybe 40 or 50 or 60 years later.

Other Causes of Mesothelioma ?

Occasionally, exposure to radiation has also been known to cause mesothelioma. Other causes of mesothelioma are still not understood. Mesothelioma is not due to genetic causes of cancer  which is known to be a major cause of cancer as explained in causes and risk factors of cancer. Family members of patients who have developed malignant mesothelioma, are therefore not at any cancer risk.

Mesothelioma Prognosis

The term prognosis is used to describe the likely outcome of a disease, how long a diagnosed patient is expected to live, and the quality of life expected during that time.  This article discusses the prognosis for mesothelioma patients affected on a multitude of levels.

Once a patient is diagnosed, a doctor will likely discuss their prognosis, or probable course and outcome of the cancer's influence on the body.  The best way to avoid a poor prognosis is through early detection.  As a result, the prognosis for the majority of patients is poor, but many doctors can recommend treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation to help combat the disease. 

In addition to the stage of the cancer and the age of the patient, other factors that affect prognosis include: The type of mesothelioma – pleural, peritoneal, pericardial or testicular The size of the tumor, the location of the tumor, and whether it can be surgically removed, the extent of other symptoms, including fluid in the lungs or abdomen and whether or not the patient is a smoker. 

Though numerous factors affect a patient's prognosis such as age, overall health, and the type of mesothelioma the patient is battling, the average length of survival reported throughout the last five years has been 10 to 11 months after diagnosis.  Early detection of pleural mesothelioma can improve a patient's mesothelioma prognosis considerably, and these patients have more extensive treatment options. 

Patients diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma in stage one or two generally have greater treatment options and a better prognosis.  Pleural mesothelioma patients who are not diagnosed early enough for curative treatment have fewer treatment options, mostly limited to palliative treatments, designed to relieve pain and discomfort to improve a patient's quality of life, rather than their prognosis. 

If a patient is diagnosed once the disease has reached the advanced stages, treatment options are limited and prognosis is often compromised.  A patient's overall health status and age greatly affects the prognosis.  Cancer that has not metastasized to other areas of the body gives physicians a lot more treatment options and improves a patient's prognosis dramatically. 

Pleural mesothelioma patients have a poorer prognosis if they are experiencing chest pain, shortness of breath, inability to perform daily tasks, weight loss, a low red blood cell count, a high white blood cell count, and high blood levels of a substance called LDH (lactate dehydrogenase, an enzyme).  Pleural mesothelioma patients who experience these symptoms usually receive a prognosis ranging between six and 12 months. 

The median survival of patients diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma from time of first dignosis is one year; in male patients or those with elevated white-cell counts, thrombocytosis or anemia, the prognosis is far worse.  The presence of certain biochemical markers, as well increased vascularity or the presence of the SV40 virus in the tumor, are other indicators that the prognosis would be more serious.  The fibrosarcomatus type carries the worst prognosis, while the mixed (a combination of both kinds) comes in between them.

However, many have overcome such a poor prognosis and have prolonged their life in a multitude of ways.

Symptoms of Mesothelioma

Be it malignant, pleural or peritoneal, mesothelioma symptoms are basically the same for every type. Only the benign type of mesothelioma exhibits different types of symptoms, or none at all for a large percentage of cases. This a general list of symptoms for different types of mesothelioma:

• early asbestos symptoms in humans are associated with breathing problems in general asbestosis mesothelioma symptoms are easily confused with those of other asbestos related diseases
• abdominal mesothelioma symptoms are pain in the abdominal region and loss of mobility in that area
• loss of breath and chest pain are acute asbestos symptoms
• exposure to asbestos does not cause immediate symptoms, but will develop some breathing issues over a longer period of time
• signs and symptoms of mesothelioma are confusing at first, but in time they become clear for doctors and the are able to determine exactly what kind of disease is infecting the body

Mesothelioma Symptoms and Diagnosis

Right after a general doctor decides that the symptoms a person is experiencing are a sign of mesothelioma, he will send the individual to a specialist in order to have specific tests performed before a preliminary diagnosis can be set. Asbestosis diagnosis follows the same procedures. The dangers of not recognizing asbestos diseases symptoms are high, and can result in serious health problems.

Mesothelioma presents with breathing issues as symptoms because the first organs to be affected by the disease are the lungs. That it is why mesothelioma cancer treatments also aim to reduce pain and breathing problems experienced by the patient.

Recognizing mesothelioma symptoms is crucial because as the cancer develops it becomes more difficult to treat. Most of the times mesothelioma cancer is discovered right before it reaches the second stage of development, at which point doctors consider that it is a little too late. Highest survival rates are registered by cases when mesothelioma is discovered a few months after starting to develop.

Mesothaliomia 4th stage

Mesothelioma has 4 stages of development, each stage coming with its treatment issues and symptoms getting worse with every new stage. If left untreated, or if treatment methods performed on the patient are not positive, mesothelioma is free to reach the fourth stage of development.

Symptoms and changes of stage 4 mesothelioma cancer

The following is a list of symptoms and changes that a patient with stage IV mesothelioma cancer may encounter:

• a patient with stage 4 mesothelioma will experience extreme levels of pain in the areas affected by cancer, and will require large doses of painkillers and symptomatic relievers
• the cancer has advanced and reached the blood stream, being able to spread throughout the body
• mesothelioma has spread to the chest wall lining, the pleura, lymph nodes on both sides and is covering one entire lung, and starting to spread to other one
• mesothelioma will start spreading to the brain, liver and even the heart of the patient

The prognosis for a patient in stage IV of mesothelioma is not positive at all. At this point mesothelioma doctors will try any kind of drug to stop the cancer from reaching other parts of the body. Drugs used include ALIMTA, one of the newest and most effective drugs available, and Platinol, a platinum based drug that works well in stopping or at least slowing the cancers development throughout the body. If the patient doesn't react to that kind of treatment it usually means that the cancer will allow the person to live no longer than a month.

Doctors advise people that live in high asbestos exposure areas to have tests taken at least once each year, and if they notice symptoms close to the ones that are associated with mesothelioma have a doctor see them as soon as possible because discovering cancer in its early stages means that the patient has a chance of being cured

.

Mesothaliomia Third stage

Left untreated, or if the patient doesn't respond well to the treatment he or she receives, will allow mesothelioma cancer to reach the third stage of development. Stage 3 mesothelioma symptoms are very obvious, and if the person hasn't yet been diagnosed, it will be very clear for any doctors or physicians that the persons lungs and other organs are affected by mesothelioma cancer as a result of prolonged exposure to asbestos.

Mesothelioma Stage III

When the cancer has reached its third stage of development, the body goes to several of the following changes and conditions:

• the pleura is affected entirely
• the chest wall is also completely affected by stage III mesothelioma
• the lung on that part of the body that the cancer has spread to has almost
completely shut down because the diaphragm helping it contract and expand is overwhelmed by the cancer
• the patient suffers extreme pain in the areas affected by mesothelioma stage 3 cancer, and requires painkillers

Treatment methods for stage 3 mesothelioma are mostly types of radiation therapy combined with the strongest of chemotherapy drugs. Doctors allow patients at this stage to try alternative methods, mostly to relieve pain and symptoms and to help relax the muscles and brain.

Clinical trials of mesothelioma may require a biopsy at this point in the cancers development in order to establish which combination of drugs and treatment methods the patient will react best to. The disease should not be allowed to develop even more, because if it reaches stage four of development it will spread rapidly to other organs such as the brain and heart, and becomes almost impossible to treat. Also, at this stage, doctors try new and experimental methods of treatment, such as photo dynamic therapy or some alternative treatment methods, meditation, acupuncture and TENS therapy. Theimmunotherapy treatment method is also given a try. With all this, if the patient doesn't start to react in a positive way to treatment, the cancer will evolve to its' fourth and final stage of development.

Mesothalimia Second stage

.In the second stage, the two layers of the pleura are 
already affected by Mesothelioma. Take note, however, that in this stage, only one side of the body is affected. 




Normally, the pleura produces only small amount of
lubricating fluid that allows easy expanding and
contracting of the lungs. The excess fluid is absorbed by the blood and the lymph vessels so there's a balance between the amount of fluid produced and removed. During the second stage Mesothelioma, fluid starts to build up
between the membrane of the lungs and the membrane of the chest wall, resulting to pleural effusion. The increase in the volume of fluid produced 
causes shortness of breath and chest pain.




Other Mesothelioma cancer patients experience dry and persistent cough. Diagnosis of the 
pleural effusion is achieved through a chest x-ray. 

Treatment of Mesothalimia Ist stage

Now We discuss todays for Ist stage of   mesothalimia     today, well its a very easy through prediction and Ideas in reports so get start to treatments...doctor give so many ideas to give some medicines also to cover as soon as possible.some pateint have problem, Not take medicines at the time when doctor advised so every body know time is time, so what is the best way to go to recover let see..

Stage 1. Mesothelioma: The most common method of  treatment for patients in stage 1 is surgical 

removal either using pleurectomy/decortication or alternatively extrapleural pneumonectomy. It is 

currently unknown whether chemotherapy or radiation therapy for stage 1 mesothelioma has any 

value for the patient.

Localized Malignant Mesothelioma (Stage I)

• Standard treatment options:
• Solitary mesotheliomas:
• Surgical resection en bloc including contiguous structures to ensure wide disease-free margins. Sessile polypoid lesions should be treated with surgical resection to ensure maximal potential for cure.
• Intracavitary mesothelioma:
• Palliative surgery (i.e., pleurectomy and decortication) with or without postoperative radiation therapy.
• Extrapleural pneumonectomy.
• Palliative radiation therapy.
• Treatment options under clinical evaluation:
• Intracavitary chemotherapy following resection.
• Multimodality therapy.
• Other clinical trials. 

Mesothelioma Stages

There are basically three stages of mesothelioma but we sure 

about that if we handle 1st stage of mesothelioma so we handle

it and save the patient going to danger condition.so let see what 

the stages ?

Staging is the process of finding out how far the cancer has spread. Staging of mesothelioma is based on imaging studies such as x-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans. The treatment and outlook for patients with mesothelioma largely depends on the stage (extent of spread) of their cancer. Since pleural mesothelioma occurs more commonly and has been studied the most, it is the only mesothelioma for which a staging classification exists.

The staging system most often used for mesothelioma is the Butchart system. This system is based mainly on the extent of the primary tumor mass, and divides mesotheliomas into stages I through IV.

Butchart Staging System

• 
  
• 
  
• Stage I: Mesothelioma is present within the right or left pleura, and may also involve the lung, pericardium, or diaphragm (the muscle separating the chest from the abdomen) on the same side.

• 
  
• Stage II: Mesothelioma invades the chest wall or involves the esophagus (food passage connecting the throat to the stomach), heart, or pleura on both sides. The lymph nodes in the chest may also be involved.

• 
  
• Stage III: Mesothelioma has penetrated through the diaphragm into the peritoneum (lining of the abdominal cavity). Lymph nodes beyond those in the chest may also be involved.

• 
  
• Stage IV: There is evidence of distant metastases (spread through the bloodstream to other organs).

Another staging system has recently been developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). This is a TNM system, similar to staging systems used for most other cancers. T stands for tumor (its size and how far it has spread to nearby organs), N stands for spread to lymph nodes and M is for metastasis (spread to distant organs).

TNM Staging System

• 
  
• 
  
• Stage I: Mesothelioma involves the right or left pleura. It may also have spread into the lung, pericardium, or diaphragm on the same side. It has not yet spread to the lymph nodes.
• 
  
• 
  
• Stage II: Mesothelioma has spread from the pleura on one side to the nearby peribronchial and/or hilar lymph nodes next to the lung on the same side. It may also have spread into the lung, pericardium, or diaphragm on the same side.

• 
  
• Stage III: Mesothelioma has spread into the chest wall muscle, ribs, heart, esophagus, or other organs in the chest on the same side as the primary tumor, with or without spread to subcarinal and/or mediastinal lymph nodes on the same side as the main tumor. Subcarinal nodes are located at the point where the windpipe branches to the left and right lungs. Mediastinal lymph nodes are located in the space behind the chest bone in front of the heart. Mesotheliomas with the same extent of local spread as in stage II that have also spread to subcarinal and/or mediastinal lymph nodes on the same side are also included in stage III.

• 
  
• Stage IV: Mesothelioma has spread into the lymph nodes in the chest on the side opposite that of the primary tumor, or directly extends to the pleura or lung on the opposite side, or directly extends into the peritoneum, or directly extends into organs in the abdominal cavity or neck. Any mesothelioma with evidence of distant metastases (spread to other organs through the bloodstream) or spread to organs beyond the chest or abdomen is included in this stage.

Although the recently developed TNM classification is the most detailed and precise, the original Butchart staging system is still used most often to describe the spread of pleural mesotheliomas. Understanding these staging systems for mesothelioma is important both for estimating prognosis, and also for assessing therapeutic options.

Prognostic Factors  Younger age at diagnosis, good general state of health and absence of weight loss are associated with a more favorable prognosis.

Mesothelioma are usually of three different cell types (histological analysis): 1) epithelial cell type - has the most favorable prognosis; 2) sarcomatoid cell type - carries the worst prognosis and 3) mixed cell type - has an intermediate prognosis.

Patients should also educate themselves about mesothelioma and treatment options and reach out to available resources to make coping with a mesothelioma diagnosis easier

Well Conditions depend the values what her/him relation follow the patients and Patient also follow the conditons 
what did he or she feel ? So life is so short but not easier at that conditions, but we follow the rule so life its so 
Easier ...Please save humain beings..